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우리나라 소개 작지만 아름다운나라 기니 비사우

Summary: 국가명 Republic of Guinea Bissau 기니비사우 공화국 국가위치 West Africa Coast of Atlantic 아프리카대륙 서부 대서양연안 Border 국경 724Km Guinea 386 km Senegal 338 km Capital 수도 Bissau Country 국토 36 125Km2 한국 비교 99 538Km2 1 3 6 Currency 화폐 Guinea Peso Language 언어 Portuguese 포르투갈어 공용어 불어 Population 국민 1 586 344名 2006 8 200 000명 수도에 거주 12 Fact of Population 인구밀도 3 명Weather 기후 평균기온 25도 아 열대성 기후지만 4~9월 비가 자주오며 시원함 에어컨 거의 사용안함 The water quality 수질 전혀 오염 없으며 강물 1급수Character of People 국민성 대부분 농어민으로 매우 온순함 해안선 350km영해12해리 경제수역 200해리 78년 문맹률91 종족구성발란테족 30 훌라족 20 만딩고족 13 마란케족 14 종교회교 30 기독교 5 토착종교 65 독립1974 09 10 포르투갈 헌법84 5 제정 91 5 개정정체공화제정부형태대통령 중심제총리 Prime Minister Martinho N Dafa CABI since 9 April 2007 부처 6부 장관 경제 재무 외무 내무 국방 법무 정당기니비사우카보베르데 아프리카 독립당 PAIGC 사회개혁당 PRS 변화를 위한 연합 UM 정부성향左傾中立UN가입1974 09 17비동맹가입1975 08 25GDP2억3 600만불 2003 1인당 GDP 180불무역 2006년도 기준 수출 2억3 090만불 땅콩 어류 코코낫 수입 1억4 530만불 식료품 공산품 석유제품 운송장비 국방비400만불 2003 군사력육군6 800명 해군350명 공군100명 2003년 2003년 영문 OFFICIAL NAME Republic of Guinea BissauGeographyArea including Bijagos Archipelago 36 125 sq km about the size of Maryland Cities Capital Bissau Other cities Bafata Gabu Canchungo Farim Cacheu Regions Oio Tombali Cacheu Bolama Quinara Biombo Bafata Gabu Terrain Coastal plain savanna in the east Climate Tropical People Nationality Noun and adjective Bissau Guinean s Population 2005 1 590 000 Population growth rate 2005 3 Ethnic groups Balanta 30 Fula 20 Manjaca 14 Mandinga 13 Papel 7 others 16 Religions Indigenous beliefs 50 Muslim 45 Christian 5 Languages Portuguese official Creole French many indigenous languages Balanta Kentohe 26 Pulaar 18 Mandjak 12 Mandinka 11 Pepel 9 Biafada 3 Mancanha 3 Bidyogo 2 Ejamat 2 Mansoanka 1 Bainoukgunyuno 1 Nalu 1 Soninke 1 Badjara 1 Bayote 0 5 Kobiana 0 04 Cassanga 0 04 Basary 0 03 Education Years compulsory 4 Literacy 2005 39 6 of adults Health Infant mortality rate 2005 126 deaths 1 000 live births Life expectancy 2005 45 2 Work force 480 000 Agriculture 85 industry services and commerce 13 government 2 Government Type Republic multi party since 1991 Independence September 24 1973 proclaimed unilaterally September 10 1974 de jure from Portugal Constitution Adopted 1984 The National Assembly adopted a new constitution in 2001 but it was neither promulgated nor vetoed by the President Branches Executive president chief of state prime minister head of government and Council of State ministers and secretaries of state Legislature National Popular Assembly ANP 100 members directly elected in 2004 Judicial Supreme Court and lower courts Administrative subdivisions Autonomous sector of Bissau and eight regions Political parties The African Party for the Independence of Guinea Bissau and Cape Verde PAIGC leader Carlos Domingos Gomes Jr won 45 seats in the March 2004 legislative elections Other parties represented in the ANP include the Party for Social Renovation PRS leader Alberto Nambeia with 35 seats the United Social Democratic Party PUSD leader Francisco Jose Fadul with 17 seats the Electoral Union UE leader Joaquim Balde with 2 seats and the United Popular Alliance APU with one seat Other parties include the Guinea Bissau Resistance Ba Fata Movement RGB FM leader Salvador Tchongo the Union for Change UM leader Amin Saad Front for the Liberation and Independence of Guinea FLING leader Catengul Mendy Guinean Civic Forum or FCG leader Antonieta Rosa Gomes International League for Ecological Protection LIPE National Union for Democracy and Progress UNDP Party for Democratic Convergence PCD leader Victor Mandinga Party of National Unity PUN leader Idrissa Djalo Party of Solidarity and Employment PST leader Iamcuba Indjai Guinean Democratic Movement MDG leader Silvestre Alves Guinean Popular Party PPG leader Joao Tatis Sa Socialist Alliance AS leader Fernando Gomes Coalitions Platform for Unity PU leader Victor Mandinga Suffrage Universal at 18 EconomyGDP 2006 $318 8 million Annual growth rate 2006 2 1 GDP per capita purchasing power parity 2005 $735 Natural resources Fish and timber Bauxite and phosphate deposits are not exploited offshore petroleum Agriculture Products cashews tropical fruits rice peanuts cotton palm oil Arable land 11 Forested 38 Industry Very little industrial capacity remains following the 1998 internal conflict The cashew processing industry is nascent Trade Exports 100 8 million f o b 2005 cashews $84 million 2005 fish and shrimp $1 million 2005 Major markets 2005 India 67 4 Nigeria 19 Senegal 1 5 Portugal 1 1 Imports 112 million f o b 2005 food $49 million 2005 fuel and energy $20 million 2005 capital goods $8 million 2005 Major suppliers 2005 Senegal 34 6 Italy 20 4 Portugal 12 7 Netherlands 3 0 PEOPLEThe population of Guinea Bissau is ethnically diverse with distinct languages customs and social structures Most people are farmers with traditional religious beliefs animism 45 are Muslim principally Fula and Mandinka speakers concentrated in the north and northeast Other important groups are the Balanta and Papel living in the southern coastal regions and the Manjaco and Mancanha occupying the central and northern coastal areas HISTORYThe rivers of Guinea and the islands of Cape Verde were among the first areas in Africa explored by the Portuguese in the 15th century Portugal claimed Portuguese Guinea in 1446 but few trading posts were established before 1600 In 1630 a captaincy general of Portuguese Guinea was established to administer the territory With the cooperation of some local tribes the Portuguese entered the slave trade and exported large numbers of Africans to the Western Hemisphere via the Cape Verde Islands Cacheu became one of the major slave centers and a small fort still stands in the town The slave trade declined in the 19th century and Bissau originally founded as a military and slave trading center in 1765 grew to become the major commercial center Portuguese conquest and consolidation of the interior did not begin until the latter half of the 19th century Portugal lost part of Guinea to French West Africa including the center of earlier Portuguese commercial interest the Casamance River region A dispute with Great Britain over the island of Bolama was settled in Portugal s favor with the involvement of U S President Ulysses S Grant Before World War I Portuguese forces with some assistance from the Muslim population subdued animist tribes and eventually established the territory s borders The interior of Portuguese Guinea was brought under control after more than 30 years of fighting final subjugation of the Bijagos Islands did not occur until 1936 The administrative capital was moved from Bolama to Bissau in 1941 and in 1952 by constitutional amendment the colony of Portuguese Guinea became an overseas province of Portugal In 1956 Amilcar Cabral and Raphael Barbosa organized the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde PAIGC clandestinely The PAIGC moved its headquarters to Conakry Guinea in 1960 and started an armed rebellion against the Portuguese in 1961 Despite the presence of Portuguese troops which grew to more than 35 000 the PAIGC steadily expanded its influence until by 1968 it controlled most of the country It established civilian rule in the territory under its control and held elections for a National Assembly Portuguese forces and civilians increasingly were confined to their garrisons and larger towns The Portuguese Governor and Commander in Chief from 1968 to 1973 Gen Antonio de Spinola returned to Portugal and led the movement that brought democracy to Portugal and independence for its colonies Amilcar Cabral was assassinated in Conakry in 1973 and party leadership fell to Aristides Pereira who later became the first President of the Republic of Cape Verde The PAIGC National Assembly met at Boe in the southeastern region and declared the independence of Guinea Bissau on September 24 1973 Following Portugal s April 1974 revolution it granted independence to Guinea Bissau on September 10 1974 The United States recognized the new nation that day Luis Cabral Amilcar Cabral s half brother became President of Guinea Bissau In late 1980 the government was overthrown in a relatively bloodless coup led by Prime Minister and former armed forces commander Joao Bernardo Nino Vieira From November 1980 to May 1984 power was held by a provisional government responsible to a Revolutionary Council headed by President Joao Bernardo Vieira In 1984 the council was dissolved and the National Popular Assembly ANP was reconstituted The single party assembly approved a new constitution elected President Vieira to a new 5 year term and elected a Council of State which was the executive agent of the ANP Under this system the president presided over the Council of State and served as head of state and government The president also was head of the PAIGC and commander in chief of the armed forces There were alleged coup plots against the Vieira government in 1983 1985 and 1993 In 1986 first Vice President Paulo Correia and five others were executed for treason following a lengthy trial In 1994 the country s first multi party legislative and presidential elections were held An army uprising against the Vieira government in June 1998 triggered a bloody civil war that created hundreds of thousands of displaced persons and resulted in President Vieria having to request assistance from the governments of Senegal and Guinea who provided troops to quell the uprising The President was ousted by a military junta in May 1999 An interim go 국가명 Republic of Guinea Bissau 기니비사우 공화국 국가위치 West Africa Coast of Atlantic 아프리카대륙 서부 대서양연안 Border 국경 724Km Guinea 386 km Senegal 338 km Capital 수도 Bissau Country 국토 36 125Km2 한국 비교 99 538Km2 1 3 6 Currency 화폐 Guinea Peso Language 언어 Portuguese 포르투갈어 공용어 불어 Population 국민 1 586 344名 2006 8 200 000명 수도에 거주 12 Fact of Population 인구밀도 3 명Weather 기후 평균기온 25도 아 열대성 기후지만 4~9월 비가 자주오며 시원함 에어컨 거의 사용안함 The water quality 수질 전혀 오염 없으며 강물 1급수Character of People 국민성 대부분 농어민으로 매우 온순함 해안선 350km영해12해리 경제수역 200해리 78년 문맹률91 종족구성발란테족 30 훌라족 20 만딩고족 13 마란케족 14 종교회교 30 기독교 5 토착종교 65 독립1974 09 10 포르투갈 헌법84 5 제정 91 5 개정정체공화제정부형태대통령 중심제총리 Prime Minister Martinho N Dafa CABI since 9 April 2007 부처 6부 장관 경제 재무 외무 내무 국방 법무 정당기니비사우카보베르데 아프리카 독립당 PAIGC 사회개혁당 PRS 변화를 위한 연합 UM 정부성향左傾中立UN가입1974 09 17비동맹가입1975 08 25GDP2억3 600만불 2003 1인당 GDP 180불무역 2006년도 기준 수출 2억3 090만불 땅콩 어류 코코낫 수입 1억4 530만불 식료품 공산품 석유제품 운송장비 국방비400만불 2003 군사력육군6 800명 해군350명 공군100명 2003년 2003년 영문 OFFICIAL NAME Republic of Guinea BissauGeographyArea including Bijagos Archipelago 36 125 sq km about the size of Maryland Cities Capital Bissau Other cities Bafata Gabu Canchungo Farim Cacheu Regions Oio Tombali Cacheu Bolama Quinara Biombo Bafata Gabu Terrain Coastal plain savanna in the east Climate Tropical People Nationality Noun and adjective Bissau Guinean s Population 2005 1 590 000 Population growth rate 2005 3 Ethnic groups Balanta 30 Fula 20 Manjaca 14 Mandinga 13 Papel 7 others 16 Religions Indigenous beliefs 50 Muslim 45 Christian 5 Languages Portuguese official Creole French many indigenous languages Balanta Kentohe 26 Pulaar 18 Mandjak 12 Mandinka 11 Pepel 9 Biafada 3 Mancanha 3 Bidyogo 2 Ejamat 2 Mansoanka 1 Bainoukgunyuno 1 Nalu 1 Soninke 1 Badjara 1 Bayote 0 5 Kobiana 0 04 Cassanga 0 04 Basary 0 03 Education Years compulsory 4 Literacy 2005 39 6 of adults Health Infant mortality rate 2005 126 deaths 1 000 live births Life expectancy 2005 45 2 Work force 480 000 Agriculture 85 industry services and commerce 13 government 2 Government Type Republic multi party since 1991 Independence September 24 1973 proclaimed unilaterally September 10 1974 de jure from Portugal Constitution Adopted 1984 The National Assembly adopted a new constitution in 2001 but it was neither promulgated nor vetoed by the President Branches Executive president chief of state prime minister head of government and Council of State ministers and secretaries of state Legislature National Popular Assembly ANP 100 members directly elected in 2004 Judicial Supreme Court and lower courts Administrative subdivisions Autonomous sector of Bissau and eight regions Political parties The African Party for the Independence of Guinea Bissau and Cape Verde PAIGC leader Carlos Domingos Gomes Jr won 45 seats in the March 2004 legislative elections Other parties represented in the ANP include the Party for Social Renovation PRS leader Alberto Nambeia with 35 seats the United Social Democratic Party PUSD leader Francisco Jose Fadul with 17 seats the Electoral Union UE leader Joaquim Balde with 2 seats and the United Popular Alliance APU with one seat Other parties include the Guinea Bissau Resistance Ba Fata Movement RGB FM leader Salvador Tchongo the Union for Change UM leader Amin Saad Front for the Liberation and Independence of Guinea FLING leader Catengul Mendy Guinean Civic Forum or FCG leader Antonieta Rosa Gomes International League for Ecological Protection LIPE National Union for Democracy and Progress UNDP Party for Democratic Convergence PCD leader Victor Mandinga Party of National Unity PUN leader Idrissa Djalo Party of Solidarity and Employment PST leader Iamcuba Indjai Guinean Democratic Movement MDG leader Silvestre Alves Guinean Popular Party PPG leader Joao Tatis Sa Socialist Alliance AS leader Fernando Gomes Coalitions Platform for Unity PU leader Victor Mandinga Suffrage Universal at 18 EconomyGDP 2006 $318 8 million Annual growth rate 2006 2 1 GDP per capita purchasing power parity 2005 $735 Natural resources Fish and timber Bauxite and phosphate deposits are not exploited offshore petroleum Agriculture Products cashews tropical fruits rice peanuts cotton palm oil Arable land 11 Forested 38 Industry Very little industrial capacity remains following the 1998 internal conflict The cashew processing industry is nascent Trade Exports 100 8 million f o b 2005 cashews $84 million 2005 fish and shrimp $1 million 2005 Major markets 2005 India 67 4 Nigeria 19 Senegal 1 5 Portugal 1 1 Imports 112 million f o b 2005 food $49 million 2005 fuel and energy $20 million 2005 capital goods $8 million 2005 Major suppliers 2005 Senegal 34 6 Italy 20 4 Portugal 12 7 Netherlands 3 0 PEOPLEThe population of Guinea Bissau is ethnically diverse with distinct languages customs and social structures Most people are farmers with traditional religious beliefs animism 45 are Muslim principally Fula and Mandinka speakers concentrated in the north and northeast Other important groups are the Balanta and Papel living in the southern coastal regions and the Manjaco and Mancanha occupying the central and northern coastal areas HISTORYThe rivers of Guinea and the islands of Cape Verde were among the first areas in Africa explored by the Portuguese in the 15th century Portugal claimed Portuguese Guinea in 1446 but few trading posts were established before 1600 In 1630 a captaincy general of Portuguese Guinea was established to administer the territory With the cooperation of some local tribes the Portuguese entered the slave trade and exported large numbers of Africans to the Western Hemisphere via the Cape Verde Islands Cacheu became one of the major slave centers and a small fort still stands in the town The slave trade declined in the 19th century and Bissau originally founded as a military and slave trading center in 1765 grew to become the major commercial center Portuguese conquest and consolidation of the interior did not begin until the latter half of the 19th century Portugal lost part of Guinea to French West Africa including the center of earlier Portuguese commercial interest the Casamance River region A dispute with Great Britain over the island of Bolama was settled in Portugal s favor with the involvement of U S President Ulysses S Grant Before World War I Portuguese forces with some assistance from the Muslim population subdued animist tribes and eventually established the territory s borders The interior of Portuguese Guinea was brought under control after more than 30 years of fighting final subjugation of the Bijagos Islands did not occur until 1936 The administrative capital was moved from Bolama to Bissau in 1941 and in 1952 by constitutional amendment the colony of Portuguese Guinea became an overseas province of Portugal In 1956 Amilcar Cabral and Raphael Barbosa organized the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde PAIGC clandestinely The PAIGC moved its headquarters to Conakry Guinea in 1960 and started an armed rebellion against the Portuguese in 1961 Despite the presence of Portuguese troops which grew to more than 35 000 the PAIGC steadily expanded its influence until by 1968 it controlled most of the country It established civilian rule in the territory under its control and held elections for a National Assembly Portuguese forces and civilians increasingly were confined to their garrisons and larger towns The Portuguese Governor and Commander in Chief from 1968 to 1973 Gen Antonio de Spinola returned to Portugal and led the movement that brought democracy to Portugal and independence for its colonies Amilcar Cabral was assassinated in Conakry in 1973 and party leadership fell to Aristides Pereira who later became the first President of the Republic of Cape Verde The PAIGC National Assembly met at Boe in the southeastern region and declared the independence of Guinea Bissau on September 24 1973 Following Portugal s April 1974 revolution it granted independence to Guinea Bissau on September 10 1974 The United States recognized the new nation that day Luis Cabral Amilcar Cabral s half brother became President of Guinea Bissau In late 1980 the government was overthrown in a relatively bloodless coup led by Prime Minister and former armed forces commander Joao Bernardo Nino Vieira From November 1980 to May 1984 power was held by a provisional government responsible to a Revolutionary Council headed by President Joao Bernardo Vieira In 1984 the council was dissolved and the National Popular Assembly ANP was reconstituted The single party assembly approved a new constitution elected President Vieira to a new 5 year term and elected a Council of State which was the executive agent of the ANP Under this system the president presided over the Council of State and served as head of state and government The president also was head of the PAIGC and commander in chief of the armed forces There were alleged coup plots against the Vieira government in 1983 1985 and 1993 In 1986 first Vice President Paulo Correia and five others were executed for treason following a lengthy trial In 1994 the country s first multi party legislative and presidential elections were held An army uprising against the Vieira government in June 1998 triggered a bloody civil war that created hundreds of thousands of displaced persons and resulted in President Vieria having to request assistance from the governments of Senegal and Guinea who provided troops to quell the uprising The President was ousted by a military junta in May 1999 An interim go

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